How to Use a Fire Extinguisher: P.A.S.S. Method

When a fire breaks out, your response in the first few seconds can mean the difference between a minor incident and a devastating loss. One of the most effective tools you can have at your side is a fire extinguisher — but owning one is not enough. You need to know how to use it correctly.

In this post, we will break it down into a few simple steps using the P.A.S.S. method and highlight what you need to know before, during, and after using an extinguisher.

Know When to Use a Fire Extinguisher

Only attempt to use a fire extinguisher when:

• The fire is small and contained (e.g., on a stove, in a trash can).

• You have a clear escape route behind you.

• The room is not filled with smoke.

• You have alerted others and called 995 (Singapore Civil Defence Force) or emergency services.

If the fire is too large or spreading rapidly — evacuate immediately.

Step-by-Step: The P.A.S.S. Method

The easiest way to remember how to use a fire extinguisher is with the P.A.S.S. acronym:

P – Pull the pin

This unlocks the extinguisher and breaks the tamper seal.

A – Aim low

Point the nozzle or hose at the base of the fire (not the flames) where the fuel source is.

S – Squeeze the handle

Do this slowly and evenly. This releases the extinguishing agent.

S – Sweep side to side

Move the nozzle from side to side until the fire is out. Continue aiming at the base and make sure the fire doesn’t reignite.

Before Using A Fire Extinguisher, Check:

• Type of fire: Make sure you are using the right extinguisher (e.g., CO₂ for electrical fires, dry powder for general use).

• Pressure gauge: The needle should be in the green zone.

• Accessibility: Know where it’s stored and ensure it’s not blocked or expired.

• Training: Everyone in the household should know how to use it.

Important Safety Tips

• Never turn your back on a fire. Always keep an exit behind you.

• Do not use water on grease or electrical fires which can make it worse.

• Know when to leave. If the fire does not go out quickly, evacuate.

After the Fire

• Even if you have extinguished the fire, call SCDF to inspect and ensure it’s safe.

• Replace or recharge your extinguisher after any use.

• Clean up the residue if it’s a dry powder extinguisher.

  
  

Fires don’t wait. Preparation is key.

A fire extinguisher is your first line of defense in a household fire if you know how to use it properly.

You can also watch our video on How to use a Fire Extinguisher effectively using the P.A.S.S. method.

Need help choosing the right extinguisher?

Chat with us on WhatsApp today. Your safety is our mission.